One of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. This is an inflammation of the mucous membrane that occurs against the background of non-compliance with the diet. Back in Soviet times, Dr. Pevzner developed a special menu for various diseases, including gastritis. For this type of pathology, diet table No. 5 (with a high pH ) and No. 1 (with a low pH ) is provided . The statistics regarding this disease are appalling. It is believed that about 60-85% of all inhabitants of the planet, to one degree or another, suffer from inflammatory processes in the stomach. At the same time, every year, the disease “gets younger”, it is diagnosed already in children from 8 to 13 years old.
General rules
To date, there are several rules, the observance of which will allow you to support the stomach and improve the patient’s condition:
- food must be baked, steamed or boiled;
- drinks with sugar and gas are prohibited;
- the use of cold and hot food is prohibited;
- reduce the amount of salt intake;
- portions should be small;
- banned spicy food, conservation;
- eat at least 5 times throughout the day;
- food should not be greasy;
- calorie content should vary from 2200 to 3000 units.
In the presence of a diagnosis of gastritis, it is recommended to focus on dairy products, to consume not only milk, but also kefir, yogurt, cream, cottage cheese, but not sour.
Patients will have to give up vegetables with a high content of oxalic acid, these are cabbage, cucumbers, spinach.
Simply put, the diet is designed so that all dishes give a gentle load on the digestive tract. Inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract is a serious disease, the advanced stages of which can cause ulcers and even neoplasms.
Allowed Products
Allocate gastritis with high and low acidity. In the presence of the first form, the following products are allowed:
- dairy products;
- eggs must be soft-boiled or an omelette, but always steamed;
- vegetables can be eaten raw, but preferably mashed or steamed;
- berries and fruits must be fully ripe and sweet, but they can be eaten boiled, baked or grated;
- the use of butter, sunflower and olive oil is permissible;
- you can drink sweet non-carbonated drinks, tea, preferably with milk.
Rich fish and meat broths are exactly the dishes that the body needs in case of low acidity. Coffee and cocoa are not prohibited. Ideal to combine stewed vegetables and meat dishes. You can even fried foods with a crust. You can eat no more than 4 times, but after removing the symptoms of exacerbation.
Fully or partially limited products
Regardless of the type of pathology, you will have to give up carbonated drinks, especially in a cold form. You can not fatty meats and dairy products with a high fat content.
With low acidity, products that provoke the fermentation process in the stomach are not allowed, these are, first of all, grapes, fresh baked goods, beans. You can not use canned food, smoked meats.
Beans, sweets, including chocolate are not recommended for consumption. Sorrel, cabbage, radish and parsley, mushrooms and corn are banned. You will have to give up any fruits and vegetables that taste sour.
Diet menu for gastritis of the stomach. Diet
Food should provide the body with all nutrients and contain all the essential nutrients. An approximate nutritional plan for a disease with high acidity can be drawn up by adhering to the following table:
| Breakfast | Buckwheat porridge, you can use milk | Omelette | Oatmeal porridge with raisins |
| Lunch | Cottage cheese casserole | Grated fruit | Yogurt |
| Dinner | Hake soup, baked apples with cottage cheese | Ukha, potato casserole | Pumpkin risotto, boiled veal |
| Afternoon snack | Fruit cocktail, cottage cheese | Stewed zucchini with sour cream | Oatmeal jelly and soft-boiled eggs |
| Dinner | Oatmeal pancakes and a cup of tea | Rice groats and chicken | Casserole |
Remember that this type of disease involves a complete rejection of spicy and salty foods. Before use, fruits must be peeled, green and unripe fruits are prohibited. Vegetables are best steamed.
With low acidity, it is necessary to adhere to the menu of table No. 1. You can make up the following diet:
| Breakfast | Omelet, a glass of carrot juice with the addition of cream. |
| Dinner | Puree soup. Fruit jelly and schnitzel. |
| Afternoon snack | Bread and yogurt |
| Dinner | Bread and yogurt |
At night, you can drink a glass of kefir.
In the first two weeks, you will have to grind all the food to a puree state. You can eat 4-5 times. In case of obvious problems with stool, it is necessary to introduce fresh juice or yogurt into the diet.
Diet depending on acidity
There are two forms of gastritis:
- hyperacid or high pH ;
- hypoacid , low pH .
Both types of the disease are acute and chronic. The latter type may appear even against the background of other pathologies not related to the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
The first form of the disease is considered a pathology of young people. This is due to the fact that they are in a hurry all the time, forget to eat normally, and abuse alcohol. Pain sensations in this case usually appear against the background of an exacerbation. This is a pulling pain in the hypochondrium and heartburn. Constipation and nausea may appear. As a rule, pains go away after eating. The appetite does not disappear.
The hypoacid form appears against the background of a malfunction of the cells responsible for the production of hydrochloric acid. This is a severe form that is difficult to treat, and is accompanied by constant exacerbations. Often patients complain of rumbling in the gastrointestinal tract, after eating, epigastric pain usually begins. Some people experience belching and an unpleasant metallic taste in the mouth.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with low acidity
With this type, nutrition is required to stimulate the formation of gastric juice. First of all, these are broths made from fish and meat. Any food that takes a long time to digest or can provoke fermentation is completely prohibited , these are fried pies, pastries, rice.
As soon as the period of exacerbation has passed, the introduction of kefir, citrus fruits and fresh cottage cheese is allowed. Later, you can even eat fried foods, but avoiding the use of crust and breading.
Milk in the hypoacid form is strictly prohibited, since it reduces the amount of gastric juice.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with high acidity
The cause of this disease is bacteria that appear against the background of improper diet, smoking and alcohol abuse. Drugs can also provoke.
The dietary regime for the chronic stage is not much different from that for the acute stage. Do not eat foods that provoke a strong secretion of gastric juice or can strongly irritate the mucous membrane. These are salty, canned, spicy and fried foods.
At the same time, when the acute stage of the disease ends, you can do some relaxation. It is already permissible to slightly increase the daily salt intake to 8 g. It is permissible to introduce cutlets and meatballs, bakery products, but in limited quantities. But you still have to steam or boil everything. But you can stew and bake.
Features of the diet in the acute form of the disease
The main difference in nutrition in the acute phase is the maximum reduction in mechanical and thermal pressure on the stomach. Food should be received mainly in a grated state. Under a special prohibition, cold and hot food and drinks, everything should enter the stomach in a warm form. You need to eat 6 times throughout the day, in small portions.
On the first day when the exacerbation began, it is best to refuse food altogether and use only medicinal decoctions. Rosehip drink and lemon tea are ideal, depending on the form of the disease. On the second day, a gradual introduction of food begins, but in liquid form, it can be meat soufflé or jelly. The next day and subsequent ration gradually expands, you can eat steam cutlets, broth, mashed potatoes.
Gastritis is a serious pathology, the treatment of which must be carried out under the supervision of a physician. An additional introduction of vitamin and mineral complexes into the diet will be required, especially with low acidity, because the absorption of nutrients in this case is at a low level. Treatment of this pathology is a long process that requires patience from the patient and adherence to all recommendations.