Stones in the gallbladder appear against the background of the presence of harmful salts and cholesterol in the body. The disease is dangerous not only because a person constantly feels pain, but also because stones can provoke many other dangerous pathologies. According to unofficial statistics, about 15% of people on the planet do not even suspect that they have stones in this organ.
Diet has not the last place in the treatment of gallstones. It is based on reducing the number of foods high in cholesterol, and increasing meals high in magnesium salts. Full adherence to the prescribed diet by the doctor guarantees an almost complete recovery.
If bile stagnates in the bladder, then this can be understood by the following symptoms:
- pain in the right hypochondrium;
- belching;
- vomiting;
- yellowing of the whites of the eyes;
- unpleasant bitter taste in the mouth;
- an increase in the size of the liver.
These symptoms are the reason for immediate medical attention.
General rules
With this disease, the main emphasis is on regulating cholesterol metabolism, by avoiding foods containing this substance. In this case, it is very important to maintain a normal alkaline balance. This is facilitated by mineral waters, ” Luzhanska “, “Polyana Kvasova “, “Borzhomi”.
The second postulate of diet therapy is the introduction of products containing magnesium salts, which help dissolve stones.
It is required to consume a lot of water, 2 or more liters throughout the day.
Power features
The most powerful choleretic agent is the food itself. If you eat at the same time, then the outflow of bile is normalized, and it ceases to stagnate in the bladder.
However, large portions reduce the intensity of bile secretion, hence the appearance of discomfort and pain. In light of this, you should eat regularly and in small amounts.
The diet should focus on proteins and fats.
The patient should do everything to prevent constipation. All the same food products help to avoid this problem. Emphasis is placed on fermented milk dishes, honey and prunes are introduced.
Allowed Products
Bread is allowed for consumption, but only stale and better black. You can eat soups, but cooked with cereals and vegetables. Both fish and meat are allowed. But the main rule is not fatty varieties.
You can almost any vegetables and greens. Only you can’t fry them. Of cereals, buckwheat porridge, rice, oatmeal and even semolina are best suited. Allowed the use of cottage cheese and sour cream, but with a low fat content. All oils are allowed, but in small quantities.
You can even sweets, but it is better to give preference to honey, jam, marshmallow and marmalade.
There is a list of vegetables and fruits that will help remove stones from the gallbladder:
- lemons, which increase acidity, and this, in turn, breaks down stones to sand, which is easily excreted from the body;
- beets, allowing you to remove stones and prevent their further appearance;
- apples, help to remove toxins from the bladder, due to the high content of iron and pectins;
- carrots, which stimulate the work of the organ, due to the presence of carotene.
An interesting fact is that doctors even recommend drinking wine in moderation if you have gallstones. We are talking about 1-2 glasses, it lowers cholesterol and prevents stones.
All meals should be minced as much as possible and are best steamed.
Fully or partially limited products
During the diet, you will have to completely abandon lard and any meat and fish dishes with a high fat content. Margarine is banned. You can not eat offal.
Problems may arise after a number of vegetables, so it is better to refuse them, namely:
- radish;
- garlic;
- spinach;
- turnips;
- Luke;
- sorrel;
- radish.
If the patient is overweight, then it is necessary to remove cereals, pasta and sweets from the diet.
Even if there is no excess weight, it is recommended to limit all the same eating sweets and muffins. Regardless of the presence of certain factors, salt in the diet should be minimized. Sausages and very cold dishes are prohibited.
It is not recommended to consume white cabbage, as it has too coarse fiber.
Diet
It is recommended to eat in the presence of stones in the gallbladder 5-6 times, always at the same time. Portions should be small and not cold.
Diet for gallstone disease during an exacerbation
During an exacerbation, the patient feels severe pain. In the first 3 days, it is even recommended to completely refuse food. Only drinking is allowed. From the fourth day, products are gradually introduced, but in no case should you start with meat and broths on them. Only after about a week, depending on the state, meat is introduced, necessarily chopped in a blender. Porridge will also have to grind. No bread, and the menu itself should be low in calories.
Is fasting advisable
There is a lot of controversy about whether it is necessary to periodically starve in the presence of gallstone disease, of course, we are not talking about stopping an exacerbation. Most doctors still insist that one should not starve as a preventive method in the presence of an illness. Prolonged lack of food in the body leads to a lack of bile in the stomach, which negatively affects the gallbladder itself. From this we can conclude that only regular nutrition will prevent the onset of an exacerbation.
Menu for the week of diet number 5 with exacerbation
During an exacerbation, patients are advised to adhere to a diet of table number 5A. They transfer to it after the removal of acute pains. It will take about 2 weeks to adhere to it. Then the patient is transferred to diet No. 5. It is no longer so strict, but it will have to be adhered to for a long time – up to 2 years.
For breakfast, it is recommended to eat porridge with milk, it can be buckwheat or oatmeal. A small amount of boiled fish. You can drink a rosehip decoction or tea.
For lunch, it is recommended to eat fruit, that is, the food is light. You can make cottage cheese pudding, eat salad with vegetables.
At lunch, you already need to eat several dishes. It can be borscht or vegetable soup. It is permissible to prepare lean pickle or milk soup. For the second, you can cook beef stroganoff, eat pilaf and meatballs. Instead of rice, there can be boiled potatoes or mashed potatoes, stewed zucchini or carrots. You can drink it with jelly or compote.
For an afternoon snack or a second snack, you can eat a small amount of crackers or fruits, cookies. Have a cup of tea.
In the evening, it is best to cook a vegetable stew, you can make vegetable zrazy or beef or chicken cutlets.
With a strong feeling of hunger in the evening, before going to bed, you can drink a glass of yogurt or kefir. But no later than 2 hours before going to bed.
To avoid an attack, you should abandon strong broths, especially in large quantities. Do not lean on fresh bread, mushrooms. Remove completely fatty and fried foods from the diet. Refuse canning, mustard, ice cream, smoked sausages. Remember always that food should enter the body in a warm form for this type of disease. Any very cold food can cause an attack.
Magnesium diet
Magnesium salts can reduce pain, reduce the number of stones in the gallbladder. They also increase peristalsis. For this reason, a special so-called “magnesium diet” has even been developed. It is based on an increase in the amount of magnesium in the diet by 4 times, due to the introduction of foods with a high content of this substance. However, you will have to completely abandon salt and reduce fluid intake. You can consume a maximum of 3 glasses of free liquid. It can be juices, tea, but they should all be exclusively warm.
On the day, the patient should receive:
- no more than 80 g of fat;
- 450 g of carbohydrates;
- 100 g of protein.
And of course, there are many magnesium-rich foods. This substance should be about 1300 mg per meal.
Foods high in magnesium include:
- buckwheat, in which 259 mg;
- unpolished rice, 157 mg;
- wheat bran, 570 mg;
- sturgeon, 75 mg;
- oatmeal, 139 mg
- cashews, 270 mg;
- grain beans, 103 mg;
- soy, 249 mg;
- red caviar, 129 mg;
- chickpeas, 126 mg;
- seaweed, 170 mg;
- almonds, 170 mg.
There is much less magnesium in vegetables and fruits. The leader is seaweed, even in dill, the substance is not more than 70 mg. A small amount of magnesium is found in fermented milk and dairy products. The leaders in this list are milk powder with a fat content of 15%, in which there are as many as 139 units and non-fat milk powder – 160 mg.
Among the sweets, halva is the first on the list. In takhino- peanut, as much as 243 mg, and in sunflower – 178 mg. Chocolate contains only 133 mg.
The diet is also recommended in the presence of a concomitant disease – constipation. However, if gastritis or enterocolitis is present, then a magnesium diet is completely contraindicated.
Preventive actions
To prevent gallstones, first of all, excess weight should be eliminated. At the same time, one cannot starve, but only adjust the diet, by refusing fast food and semi-finished products, and reduce the size of portions. Regular physical activity should be present in life. Even light daily exercise will help prevent bile stasis.
It is necessary to prevent gastrointestinal diseases, to fight constipation on an ongoing basis. It is best to quit bad habits, including smoking. Even a healthy person needs to eat in small portions and at least 5 times throughout the day.
Another tip is to drink coffee, but in moderation. Scientists, after long-term research, have found that this drink promotes the breakdown of stones.